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Table 3 Secondary outcomes (n = 22)

From: Feasibility and acceptability of a preoperative exercise program for patients undergoing major cancer surgery: results from a pilot randomized controlled trial

Variables Overall (n = 22) Control (n = 11) Intervention (N = 11)
Complication rates 17 (81.0) 7 (70.0) 10 (90.9)
Clavien-Dindo
Grade II 6 (35.3) 2 (28.6) 4 (40.0)
Grade III 5 (29.4) 2 (28.6) 3 (30.0)
Grade IV 4 (23.5) 3 (42.9) 1 (10.0)
Grade V 2 (11.8) -- 2 (20.0)
ICU Stay (days) 6.0 (4.0 to 7.7)a 6.0 (3.8 to 9.5) 6.0 (4.0 to 7.5)b
Hospital Stay (days) 32.5 (16.2 to 52.5)a 29.0 (15.0 to 53.0) 36.0 (15.0 to 52.0)b
Functional Capacity (6MWD) 351.0 (240.0 to 431.2)a 400.0 (240.0 to 450.0) 300.0 (150.0 to 369.5)b
Physical activity Level
Low 14 (73.7) 7 (70.0) 7 (77.8)
Moderate 4 (21.1) 3 (30.0) 1 (11.1)
High 1 (5.3) 0 (0.0) 1 (11.1)
Physical activity (min/wk)
Sitting 540.0 (60.0 to 1080.0) 870.0 (240.0 to 1245.0) 215.0 (10.0 to 750.0)
Walking 70.0 (20.0 to 180.0) 95.0 (0.0 to 187.0) 50.0 (25.0 to 175.0)
Moderate 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0) 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0) 0.0 (0.0 to 15.0)
Vigorous 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0) 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0) 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0)
MET minute/week 231.0 (66.0 to 594.0) 313.5 (0.0 to 619.0) 231.0 (82.5 to 1297.5)
Five times Sit-to-Stand Test 12.6 (9.0 to 16.4) 11.0 (7.2 to 14.4) 15.0 (11.3 to 23.0)
Quadriceps Strength Test 6.3 (3.0 to 28.0) 5.0 (3.0 to 26.0) 14.6 (2.2 to 32.0)
Quality of Life (SF-36v2)
Mental Component 43.6 (35.1 to 9.4)a 43.5 (31.1 to 49.3) 42.4 (36.3 to 50.3)b
Physical Component 34.7 (28.8 to 40.1)a 34.6 (32.9 to 44.9) 34.9 (26.1 to 38.7)b
  1. Data reported as median (IQR) or N (%). *Measured at the pre-discharge day
  2. aN = 20; bN = 9, missing information due to two deaths in hospital. ICU intensive care unit, 6MWD 6-minute walking distance, SF-36 short form 36 version 2