Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria
| Inclusion | Exclusion |
|---|---|
|
• Adult female (≥ 18 years old) • Clinically stable MS (EDSS ≤ 6.5) • Bladder symptoms ≥ 3 months • VD diagnosis, defined as o %PVR/BC > 40%, OR o Liverpool Nomogram percentile < 10%, OR o Perform self-catheterization |
• Male • Severe debilitating MS • History of recent seizure (< 1 year) • Pregnant or planning to become pregnant • Contraindication to MRI • History of augmentation cystoplasty • Recent BTX-A injection (< 6 months) • Other neurological disorders beside MS |